Machine for turning irregular objects



May 11 1925 1,583,845

H. F. LOEWER MACHINE FOR TURNING IRREGULAR OBJEC'I S Filed August 20, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 5 6 53% Hy; I ATTORNEYS.

May 11 1926.

H. F. LOEWER MACHINE FOR TURNING IRREGULAR OBJECTS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Q'NVENTOR. :9; 0,412

hwATTORNEYS.

Filed August 20 1920 d9" Patented May 11, 1926.

UNITED srarss earen'r OFFICE.

HENRY I. IIZIOEWER, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

MACHINE FOR TURNING IRREGULAR OBJECTS.

Application filed August 20, 1920. Serial no. 404,789.

15 Fig. 2 isa top view;

Fig. 3 is a view inside elevation of the cuttingtool; j

Fig. 4 is a similar view at r ght angles to that shown in Fig. I 20' Fig. '5 is an end view of the tool 7 .,-Fig. 6 is a perspective view ofthe cutting elements at the end of the tool, these cutting elements being separated; and

Fig. 7 is a detail view of one of the ring 25 cutters. I

I Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 indicates thebase vframe of the ma- .chine and 2 the work and model supportframe'which, in this instancgris pivotally supported by arms 3 to move back and forth above the frame 1. This work and model supporting frame embodies, in this instance, rods 4: connecting .the arms and having two frames 5 and 6, the latter being adjustable on the guides- These frames carry the spindles 7 and 8 for supporting the model 9, the spindle 7 having a gear 10 which meshes with a pinion 11 on a shaft 12, the latter being driven through a pulley 13 from any suitable means'through a belt 1% which leadsto a. fixed pulley, not shown, on the main frame. Theiguides t also support two frames 15 and 16, the

former of which is rigidly secured to the guides, while the latter is adjustable thereon. The .fraineslo and 16 carry respectiveiy, spindles 17. and 18 which supportthe work piece 19, the spindle 17 being driven by agear 2O thereon meshingwith a pinion 21 on the shaft l2. Mounted tomove on p the frame. l in the directionof turning of theaxisof the work pieceand model, is a i I see f me f .t' re 22 a d .23. e

jennyconnected together by a link 251 and movable, respectively, onguides 25 and 26 on the main frame 1 and upon a common guide 2701i said main frame. I

The two-part frame 22 and 23 supports the work cutter and the model follower, the model follower, in this instance, being in the form of a substantially ball shaped or spherical member 28 rotatable o'nthe part 23 of the two-part frame preferably about an axis which is oblique to the axis of turning-of-the model *9, saidmodel followencooperating with the .ifnodel and being carried by the framein the direction of the-axis of rotation of the model, The other part 22 of the two-part frame {supports the fcutting tool, and to this endcarries a shaft 29 turnablein bearings 80 on said part 22 and preferably driven by a pulley .31 arranged 'on the shaft, the axis-ofgturningof this shaft and the cutting tool bein'g'obliq'ufe tot-he axis of rotation of the work piece i19- This arrangement of the axis of rotation of the cutting tool with reference to the axi's'of 'rjotation of the work piece forms one of the features of this invention, as does also the form and mounting of the model follower. The cutting tool has substantially spirally formed cutting edges and the .free end thereof is substantially of ball formation, the spiral cutting edges on the ball portion preferably being reversely arranged. In

this instance the outer cutting edge 32 is formed on a piece 33 which, by bolts 84, is secured to a piece 35 forming the other part of the ball end of the. cutter. This cutting edge has the portion thereofv which first becomes efiective, nearest the aids or center of the tool; ,Ribs '36 may be provided on the piece 33 for fitting in grooves 37 on the piece- 35 so as toyprevent relative turning betweenthe twopieces. The piece 35 is held to the shaft 29 by a key 38 and also by a nut 39 which fits in a pocket 40 formed in the piece 35. A spiral cutting edge t0 is formed on the piece 35 in adirection reverse 7 to the spiral cutting edge .32 on the. piece 33 and this edge also has the portion thereof which firstbeeomeseifejctiye nearest the centerofthe tool. lnaddition to theballend of the euttingtool, the latter mayhave. a

. number of spiral cuttingedges i'nrear-of the ball end, ;and to this-end the shaft 29.n1'ay have. eyed,.-the to ,a. mil-liberatrings. .41

,spaeed ;ea'eh;ethifand from the ball end preferably by spacing rings 42. Each ring 41 may be provided with two spiral cutting edges 43, and the spiral cutting edge of one ring preferably has its high point and its low point out of line with the high point and the low point of the rings a1 next to it, so that the spaces between the two cutting edges of a ring are not in line with the space between the cutting edges of the adjacent ring, and there y will always be some of the cutting edges operating upon the work piece. The outer face of the ring 41 next to the ball end preferably tapers so as to conform substantially to the contour of the outer faces of the ball end and cause the portion of the cutting edge first becoming elfective to lie nearest the center of the tool, while the outer faces of the other rings 41 may be substantially cylindrical.

lVhile the invention has been described in connection with a machine in which the model and the work piece move toward and from the follower and the cutting tool, and the follower and the cutting tool move in the 7 direction of the axis of the work piece and the model, it is apparent that the invention is not limited to this movement of parts, and that any relative movement of the work piece and model and the follower and the cutting tool which will produce the desired result is in the scope of the present invention.

From the foregoing it will be seen that there has been provide-d a cutting tool which operates at an oblique angle to the axis of rotation of the work piece, This tool has spiral cutting edges, preferably at least one of which is reversely arranged with reference to the other. Preferably also the tool is of substantially ball formation at its outer end, and the cutting edge at such outer end proceeds not only spirally but also toward the center of rotation of the cutting tool, thus permitting the tool to cut at its, end as well as at its side. In connection with the cutting tool there is employed a follower of substantially ball formation cooperating with the model and'arranged at an oblique angle to the axis of rotation of the model. A tool constructed in accordance with this invention is very desirable for turning shoe lasts in which the grain runs in the direction of the axis of the last, as by this construction a splitting of the wood by the cutting toolis substantially eliminated.

lVhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A machine for turning irregular ob jects, the combination with means for turning a work piece, of a cutting tool supported at one end and having its other end free and shaped substantially like a ball, said tool being rotatable about an axis at an angle other than a right angle to the turning axis at the work p e ha ing right and left hand spirally formed cutting edges thereon.

2. In a machine for turning irregular obj sets, the combination with means for turning a work piece, of a rotary cutting tool supported at one end and having its other end free and having at least two spirally formed cutting edges, one of which is arranged at the free end of the tool and progressively shifts away from the center of rotation and away from the end of the tool, and another of said cutting edges extending in the other direction and proceeding away from the center of rotation and towards the free end of the tool.

3. In a machine for turning irregular objects, the combination with a means for turning a work piece, of a rotary cutting tool supported from one end only and having a spirally formed cutting edge, the portion of said edge first effective being at the free end of the tool and being nearer the center of the tool than the portion last effective, said tool also having a: spiral cutting edge extending in the reverse direction to the first mentioned cutting edge and having the portion first effective nearer the center of the tool than the portion of said edge that is last effective.

4. In a machine for turning irregular objects, the combination with means for turning a work piece, of a rotary cutting tool supported from one end only, and having a substantially ball shaped end and provided with spirally formed cutting edges, the cutting edge nearest the free end of the tool having the portion thereof which first becomes effective nearest the center of the tool, and having the cutting edge next to such cutting edge at the free end of the tool, extending in a reverse direction with the portion thereof which first becomes effective nearest the center of the tool.

, 5. Ina machine for turning irregular objects, the combination with means for turning a work piece, of a rotary cutting tool supported at one end, free at its other end and embodying a shaft and rings secured to the shaft and each provided with a spirally formed cutting edge, one end of one edge being nearer to the center of rotation of the shaft, and the edge proceeding from such end being away from the center of rotation and also along the axis of rotation.

6. In a machine for turning irregular objects, the combination with means'for turning a work piece, of a rotary cutting tool supported at one end, free at its other end and embodying a shaft and rings secured to the shaft, each ring being provided with a spirally formed cutting edge, one end of one edge being nearer to the center of rotation of the shaft and the edge proceeding from such end being-away from the center of rotation and, also along the axis of rotation, the ends of the difierent edges being out of line With those on the rings next to it.

7. In a machine for turning irregular objects, the combination With a means for turning a Work piece, of a rotary cutting tool supported from one end only and embodying a shaft, and rings secured to the shaft, each ring being provided With a spirally formed cutting edge, the portion of said edge on each ring first becoming effective being out of alignment With the like portions on the rings next to it, those rings which are adjacent the end of the tool having the portions of their cutting edges Which are first effective nearest the center of the 1 comes eftectivenearest the center of thetool. 20

HENRY F. LOEWER. 

